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Abstract We show that the Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg (CKN) inequality holds with a remainder term that is quartic in the distance to the set of optimizers for the full parameter range of the Felli–Schneider (FS) curve. The fourth power is best possible. This is due to the presence of non-trivial zero modes of the Hessian of the deficit functional along the FS-curve. Following an iterated Bianchi–Egnell strategy, the heart of our proof is verifying a ‘secondary non-degeneracy condition’. Our result completes the stability analysis for the CKN-inequality to leading order started by Wei and Wu. Moreover, it is the first instance of degenerate stability for non-constant optimizers and for a non-compact domain.more » « less
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Abstract We review some older and more recent results concerning the energy and particle distribution in ground states of heavy Coulomb systems. The reviewed results are asymptotic in nature: they describe properties of many-particle systems in the limit of a large number of particles. Particular emphasis is put on models that take relativistic kinematics into account. While non-relativistic models are typically rather well understood, this is generally not the case for relativistic ones and leads to a variety of open questions.more » « less
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 1, 2025
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available June 13, 2025
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We derive weighted versions of the Cwikel–Lieb–Rozenblum inequality for the Schrödinger operator in two dimensions with a nontrivial Aharonov–Bohm magnetic field. Our bounds capture the optimal dependence on the flux and we identify a class of long-range potentials that saturate our bounds in the strong coupling limit. We also extend our analysis to the two-dimensional Schrödinger operator acting on antisymmetric functions and obtain similar results.more » « less
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We obtain Weyl type asymptotics for the quantised derivative \dj \mkern 1muf of a function f f from the homgeneous Sobolev space W ˙ d 1 ( R d ) \dot {W}^1_d(\mathbb {R}^d) on R d . \mathbb {R}^d. The asymptotic coefficient ‖ ∇ f ‖ L d ( R d ) \|\nabla f\|_{L_d(\mathbb R^d)} is equivalent to the norm of \dj \mkern 1muf in the principal ideal L d , ∞ , \mathcal {L}_{d,\infty }, thus, providing a non-asymptotic, uniform bound on the spectrum of \dj \mkern 1muf. Our methods are based on the C ∗ C^{\ast } -algebraic notion of the principal symbol mapping on R d \mathbb {R}^d , as developed recently by the last two authors and collaborators.more » « less