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Abstract Chemical reduction of OBO‐fused double[5]helicene with Group 1 metals (Na and K) has been investigated for the first time. Two doubly‐reduced products have been isolated and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, revealing a solvent‐separated ion triplet (SSIT) with Na+ions and a contact‐ion pair (CIP) with K+ion. As the key structural outcome, the X‐ray crystallographic analysis discloses the consequences of adding two electrons to the double helicene core in the SSIT without metal binding and reveals the preferential binding site in the CIP with K+counterions. In both products, an increase in the twisting of the double helicene core upon charging was observed. The negative charge localization at the central core has been identified by theoretical calculations, which are in full agreement with X‐ray crystallographic and NMR spectroscopic results. Notably, it was confirmed that the two‐electron reduction of OBO‐fused double[5]helicene is reversible.
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Compressing Double [7]Helicene by Successive Charging with Electrons
Abstract Chemical reduction of a benzo‐fused double [7]helicene (1) with two alkali metals, K and Rb, provided access to three different reduced states of1. The doubly‐reduced helicene12−has been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction as a solvent‐separated ion triplet with two potassium counterions. The triply‐ and tetra‐reduced helicenes,13−and14−, have been crystallized together in an equimolar ratio and both form the contact‐ion complexes with two Rb+ions each, leaving three remaining Rb+ions wrapped by crown ether and THF molecules. As structural consequence of the stepwise reduction of1, the central axis of helicene becomes more compressed upon electron addition (1.42 Å in14−vs. 2.09 Å in1). This is accompanied by an extra core twist, as the peripheral dihedral angle increases from 16.5° in1to 20.7° in14−. Theoretical calculations provided the pattern of negative charge build‐up and distribution over the contorted helicene framework upon each electron addition, and the results are consistent with the X‐ray crystallographic and NMR spectroscopic data.
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- PAR ID:
- 10171987
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Volume:
- 59
- Issue:
- 37
- ISSN:
- 1433-7851
- Format(s):
- Medium: X Size: p. 15923-15927
- Size(s):
- p. 15923-15927
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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