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1. Pinning Efficiency of One-Dimensional Artificial Pinning Centers in YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _7-x Thin Films

   https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2019.2895739  

   Wu, Judy; Gautam, Bibek; Sebastian, Mary Ann; Ogunjimi, Victor; Misra, Shikhar; Huang, Jijie; Baca, Javier; Prestigiacomo, Joseph; Haugan, Timothy; Wang, Haiyan; et al (August 2019, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity)
2. Probing the effect of interface on vortex pinning efficiency of one-dimensional BaZrO ₃ and BaHfO ₃ artificial pinning centers in YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _7-x thin films

   https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5050616  

   Gautam, Bibek; Sebastian, Mary Ann; Chen, Shihong; Misra, Shikhar; Huang, Jijie; Javier Baca, F.; Emergo, Rose; Haugan, Timothy; Xing, Zhongwen; Wang, Haiyan; et al (November 2018, Applied Physics Letters)
3. Polarization pinning at antiphase boundaries in multiferroic YbFeO ₃

   https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad8cbc  

   Ren, Guodong; Omprakash, Pravan; Li, Xin; Yun, Yu; Thind, Arashdeep S; Xu, Xiaoshan; Mishra, Rohan (November 2024, Chinese Physics B)

   Abstract The switching characteristics of ferroelectrics and multiferroics are influenced by the interaction of topological defects with domain walls. We report on the pinning of polarization due to antiphase boundaries in thin films of the multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO₃. We have directly resolved the atomic structure of a sharp antiphase boundary (APB) in YbFeO₃thin films using a combination of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and total energy calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT). We find the presence of a layer of FeO₆octahedra at the APB that bridges the adjacent domains. STEM imaging shows a reversal in the direction of polarization on moving across the APB, which DFT calculations confirm is structural in nature as the polarization reversal reduces the distortion of the FeO₆octahedral layer at the APB. Such APBs in hexagonal perovskites are expected to serve as domain-wall pinning sites and hinder ferroelectric switching of the domains. 

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4. Superconducting HfO ₂ -added solution-derived YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O ₇ nanocomposite films: the effect of colloidal nanocrystal shape and crystallinity on pinning mechanism

   https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac7ae3  

   Rijckaert, H; Malmivirta, M; Banerjee, S; Billinge, S J; Huhtinen, H; Paturi, P; De Buysser, K; Van Driessche, I (June 2022, Superconductor Science and Technology)

   Abstract Two different types of monoclinic HfO 2 nanocrystals were employed in this work to study the effect of nanocrystal shape and crystallinity on the structural defects in the YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) matrix as it leads to an enhancement of pinning performances of solution-derived YBCO nanocomposite films. In this work the nanorod-like HfO 2 nanocrystals obtained from surfactant-controlled synthesis led to short intergrowths surrounding the particles, while spherical HfO 2 nanocrystals from the solvent-controlled synthesis led to the formation of long stacking faults in the YBCO matrix. It means that the small difference in crystallinity, lattice parameters, nanocrystal structures, core diameter of preformed nanocrystals in colloidal solutions have a strong influence on the formation of the structural defects around the particles in the YBCO matrix, leading to different pinning performances. 

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5. Comparison Study of the Flux Pinning Enhancement of YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _7−δ Thin Films With BaHfO ₃ + Y ₂ O ₃ Single- and Mixed-Phase Additions

   https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2019.2892324  

   Sebastian, Mary Ann; Gautam, Bibek; Ebbing, Charles R.; Panasyuk, George Y.; Susner, Michael A.; Huang, Jijie; Zhang, Wenrui; Wang, Haiyan; Wu, Judy Z.; Haugan, Timothy J. (August 2019, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity)