Analysis of inclusions in primitive meteorites reveals that several short-lived radionuclides (SLRs) with half-lives of 0.1–100 Myr existed in the early solar system (ESS). We investigate the ESS origin of107Pd,135Cs, and182Hf, which are produced by
Astrophysical Sites that Can Produce Enantiomeric Amino Acids
Recent work has produced theoretical evidence for two sites, colliding neutron stars and neutron-star–Wolf–Rayet binary systems, which might produce amino acids with the left-handed chirality preference found in meteorites. The Supernova Neutrino Amino Acid Processing (SNAAP) model uses electron antineutrinos and the magnetic field from source objects such as neutron stars to preferentially destroy one enantiomer over another. Large enantiomeric excesses are predicted for isovaline and alanine; although based on an earlier study, similar results are expected for the others. Isotopic abundances of 13 C and 15 O in meteorites provide a new test of the SNAAP model. This presents implications for the origins of life.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1927130
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10193329
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Symmetry
- Volume:
- 11
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 2073-8994
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 23
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract slow neutron captures (thes -process) in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We modeled the Galactic abundances of these SLRs using theOMEGA+ galactic chemical evolution (GCE) code and two sets of mass- and metallicity-dependent AGB nucleosynthesis yields (Monash and FRUITY). Depending on the ratio of the mean-lifeτ of the SLR to the average length of time between the formations of AGB progenitorsγ , we calculate timescales relevant for the birth of the Sun. Ifτ /γ ≳ 2, we predict self-consistent isolation times between 9 and 26 Myr by decaying the GCE predicted107Pd/108Pd,135Cs/133Cs, and182Hf/180Hf ratios to their respective ESS ratios. The predicted107Pd/182Hf ratio indicates that our GCE models are missing 9%–73% of107Pd and108Pd in the ESS. This missing component may have come from AGB stars of higher metallicity than those that contributed to the ESS in our GCE code. Ifτ /γ ≲ 0.3, we calculate instead the time (T LE) from the last nucleosynthesis event that added the SLRs into the presolar matter to the formation of the oldest solids in the ESS. For the 2M ⊙,Z = 0.01 Monash model we find a self-consistent solution ofT LE= 25.5 Myr. -
Abstract Radioactive nuclei were present in the early solar system (ESS), as inferred from analysis of meteorites. Many are produced in massive stars, either during their lives or their final explosions. In the first paper of this series (Brinkman et al. 2019), we focused on the production of 26 Al in massive binaries. Here, we focus on the production of another two short-lived radioactive nuclei, 36 Cl and 41 Ca, and the comparison to the ESS data. We used the MESA stellar evolution code with an extended nuclear network and computed massive (10–80 M ⊙ ), rotating (with initial velocities of 150 and 300 km s −1 ) and nonrotating single stars at solar metallicity ( Z = 0.014) up to the onset of core collapse. We present the wind yields for the radioactive isotopes 26 Al, 36 Cl, and 41 Ca, and the stable isotopes 19 F and 22 Ne. In relation to the stable isotopes, we find that only the most massive models, ≥60 and ≥40 M ⊙ give positive 19 F and 22 Ne yields, respectively, depending on the initial rotation rate. In relation to the radioactive isotopes, we find that the ESS abundances of 26 Al and 41 Ca can be matched with by models with initial masses ≥40 M ⊙ , while 36 Cl is matched only by our most massive models, ≥60 M ⊙ . 60 Fe is not significantly produced by any wind model, as required by the observations. Therefore, massive star winds are a favored candidate for the origin of the very short-lived 26 Al, 36 Cl, and 41 Ca in the ESS.more » « less
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11010023
