This experimental study focuses on fluid-structure interaction (FSI) for a thin compliant panel under a shock/boundary layer interaction (SBLI) generated by a 2D compression ramp in a Mach 2 wind tunnel. In previous work, we have studied the FSI for this configuration using simultaneous fast-response pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) and digital image correlation (DIC). Simultaneous PSP/DIC allows for examination of the relationship between the dynamic panel displacement and surface pressure loading, respectively. Spectral analysis showed that pressure fluctuations within the interaction region and shock-foot unsteadiness tend to lock to the first mode resonant frequency of the compliant panel. The current study aims to utilize synchronous high-speed stereoscopic PIV (25 kHz) and DIC (5 kHz) techniques to better understand the coupling between the flow field and the panel displacement field. The PIV is obtained in a streamwise-spanwise plane located at 15% of the boundary layer height. Thin compliant polycarbonate panel with thicknesses of 1 mm is utilized, which has a first-mode vibrational frequency of 407 Hz. The 1 mm panel out-of-plane displacement amplitude was up to 15% of the boundary layer thickness. The analysis includes low-pass and band-pass filtering of the velocity data, including the surrogate separation line, and cross-correlation analysis between panel displacement and velocity. The results indicate a clear coupling of the panel motion and velocity field, but the spectral analysis suffers from limited time records associated with the pulse-burst laser used for PIV. Future work will focus on collecting more data to improve the statistical convergence of the results.
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Numerical investigation of laser-driven shock interaction with a deformable particle
A laser-driven shock propagating through an isolated particle embedded in a plastic (CH) target was studied using the radiation-hydrodynamic code FLASH. Preliminary simulations using IONMIX equations of state (EOS) showed significant differences in the shock Hugoniot of aluminum compared to experimental data in the low-pressure regime [ O(10) GPa], resulting in higher streamwise compression and deformation of an aluminum particle. Hence, a simple modification to the ideal gas EOS was developed and employed to describe the target materials and examine the particle dynamics. The evolution of the pressure field demonstrated a complex wave interaction, resulting in a highly unsteady particle drag which featured two drag minima due to shock focusing at the rear end of the particle and rarefaction stretching due to laser shut-off. Although ∼30% lateral expansion and ∼25% streamwise compression were observed, the aluminum particle maintained considerable integrity without significant distortion. Additional simulations examined the particle response for a range of particle densities, sizes, and acoustic impedances. The results revealed that lighter particles such as aluminum gained significant momentum, reaching up to ∼96% of the shocked CH's speed, compared to ∼29% for the heavier tungsten particles. Despite the differences seen in the early stage of shock interaction, particles with varying acoustic impedances ultimately reached the same peak velocity. This identified particle-to-host density ratio is an important factor in determining the inviscid terminal velocity of the particle. In addition, the modified EOS model presented in this study could be used to approximate solid materials in hydrocodes that lack material strength models.
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- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10332383
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Physics of Plasmas
- Volume:
- 29
- Issue:
- 5
- ISSN:
- 1070-664X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 052302
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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The fluid-structure interaction (FSI) of a compliant panel under a compression-ramp-induced shock/boundary-layer interaction (SBLI) has been studied in Mach 2 flow. Simultaneous high-speed measurements of the velocity field and the panel displacement were conducted using 50 kHz particle image velocimetry (PIV) and 5 kHz stereoscopic digital image correlation (DIC). The mean effect of the panel displacement has been evaluated by monitoring the change in velocity profiles along the streamwise direction (x), upstream of the separated flow region. Streamwise (u) velocity near the panel surface has been shown to change its magnitude in response to the wall shape. Furthermore, the strong cross-correlation between fluctuations of the wall-normal panel displacement and the transverse (v) velocity can be explained by the flow remaining tangent to the wall surface as the panel deforms. This latter result is consistent with the panel motion being sufficiently low frequency compared to flow convective time scales that the flow is quasi-steady In addition, assessment of the correlation between the separation shock position and panel displacement seems to suggest that when the panel is bulged down (concave up) at the downstream end of the panel, a larger separated flow is generated and the shock moves upstream. This observation remains speculative, but is consistent with the flow undergoing greater compression for the bulged down case.more » « less
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null (Ed.)The fluid dynamics of a bubble collapsing near an elastic or viscoelastic material is coupled with the mechanical response of the material. We apply a multiphase fluid–solid coupled computational model to simulate the collapse of an air bubble in water induced by an ultrasound shock wave, near different types of materials including metals (e.g. aluminium), polymers (e.g. polyurea), minerals (e.g. gypsum), glass and foams. We characterize the two-way fluid–material interaction by examining the fluid pressure and velocity fields, the time history of bubble shape and volume and the maximum tensile and shear stresses produced in the material. We show that the ratio of the longitudinal acoustic impedance of the material compared to that of the ambient fluid, $Z/Z_0$ , plays a significant role. When $Z/Z_0<1$ , the material reflects the compressive front of the incident shock into a tensile wave. The reflected tensile wave impinges on the bubble and decelerates its collapse. As a result, the collapse produces a liquid jet, but not necessarily a shock wave. When $Z/Z_0>1$ , the reflected wave is compressive and accelerates the bubble's collapse, leading to the emission of a shock wave whose amplitude increases linearly with $\log (Z/Z_0)$ , and can be much higher than the amplitude of the incident shock. The reflection of this emitted shock wave impinges on the bubble during its rebound. It reduces the speed of the bubble's rebound and the velocity of the liquid jet. Furthermore, we show that, for a set of materials with $Z/Z_0\in [0.04, 10.8]$ , the effect of acoustic impedance on the bubble's collapse time and minimum volume can be captured using phenomenological models constructed based on the solution of Rayleigh–Plesset equation.more » « less
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
-
Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083076
