More Like this

1. The ALICE Transition Radiation Detector: Construction, operation, and performance

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.09.028  

   S. Acharya137, J. Adam96 (February 2018, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment)

   The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/𝑐 in p–Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection. 

   more » « less
2. Design of the ECCE detector for the Electron Ion Collider

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170240  

   Adkins, JK; Akiba, Y; Albataineh, A; Amaryan, M; Arsene, IC; Gayoso, C Ayerbe; Bae, J; Bai, X; Baker, MD; Bashkanov, M; et al (April 2025, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment)

   The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been designed to address the full scope of the proposed Electron Ion Collider (EIC) physics program as presented by the National Academy of Science and provide a deeper understanding of the quark–gluon structure of matter. To accomplish this, the ECCE detector offers nearly acceptance and energy coverage along with excellent tracking and particle identification. The ECCE detector was designed to be built within the budget envelope set out by the EIC project while simultaneously managing cost and schedule risks. This detector concept has been selected to be the basis for the EIC project detector. 

   more » « less
3. ATHENA detector proposal — a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

   https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/10/P10019  

   Adam, J.; Adamczyk, L.; Agrawal, N.; Aidala, C.; Akers, W.; Alekseev, M.; Allen, M.M.; Ameli, F.; Angerami, A.; Antonioli, P.; et al (October 2022, Journal of Instrumentation)

   Abstract ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity.This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges. 

   more » « less
4. Very-High Dynamic Range, 10,000 Frames/Second Pixel Array Detector for Electron Microscopy

   https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622000174  

   Philipp, Hugh T.; Tate, Mark W.; Shanks, Katherine S.; Mele, Luigi; Peemen, Maurice; Dona, Pleun; Hartong, Reinout; van Veen, Gerard; Shao, Yu-Tsun; Chen, Zhen; et al (April 2022, Microscopy and Microanalysis)

   Precision and accuracy of quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) methods such as ptychography, and the mapping of electric, magnetic, and strain fields depend on the dose. Reasonable acquisition time requires high beam current and the ability to quantitatively detect both large and minute changes in signal. A new hybrid pixel array detector (PAD), the second-generation Electron Microscope Pixel Array Detector (EMPAD-G2), addresses this challenge by advancing the technology of a previous generation PAD, the EMPAD. The EMPAD-G2 images continuously at a frame-rates up to 10 kHz with a dynamic range that spans from low-noise detection of single electrons to electron beam currents exceeding 180 pA per pixel, even at electron energies of 300 keV. The EMPAD-G2 enables rapid collection of high-quality STEM data that simultaneously contain full diffraction information from unsaturated bright-field disks to usable Kikuchi bands and higher-order Laue zones. Test results from 80 to 300 keV are presented, as are first experimental results demonstrating ptychographic reconstructions, strain and polarization maps. We introduce a new information metric, the maximum usable imaging speed (MUIS), to identify when a detector becomes electron-starved, saturated or its pixel count is mismatched with the beam current. 

   more » « less
5. Large-Angle Rocking Beam Electron Diffraction of Large Unit Cell Crystals Using Direct Electron Detector

   https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozae088  

   Busch, Robert; Ni, Hsu-Chih; Shao, Yu-Tsun; Zuo, Jian-Min (October 2024, Microscopy and Microanalysis)

   Abstract We report a large-angle rocking beam electron diffraction (LARBED) technique for electron diffraction analysis. Diffraction patterns are recorded in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a direct electron detector with large dynamical range and fast readout. We use a nanobeam for diffraction and perform the beam double rocking by synchronizing the detector with the STEM scan coils for the recording. Using this approach, large-angle convergent beam electron diffraction (LACBED) patterns of different reflections are obtained simultaneously. By using a nanobeam, instead of a focused beam, the LARBED technique can be applied to beam-sensitive crystals as well as crystals with large unit cells. This paper describes the implementation of LARBED and evaluates the performance using silicon and gadolinium gallium garnet crystals as test samples. We demonstrate that our method provides an effective and robust way for recording LARBED patterns and paves the way for quantitative electron diffraction of large unit cell and beam-sensitive crystals. 

   more » « less