Abstract We define a natural state space and Markov process associated to the stochastic Yang–Mills heat flow in two dimensions. To accomplish this we first introduce a space of distributional connections for which holonomies along sufficiently regular curves (Wilson loop observables) and the action of an associated group of gauge transformations are both well-defined and satisfy good continuity properties. The desired state space is obtained as the corresponding space of orbits under this group action and is shown to be a Polish space when equipped with a natural Hausdorff metric. To construct the Markov process we show that the stochastic Yang–Mills heat flow takes values in our space of connections and use the “DeTurck trick” of introducing a time dependent gauge transformation to show invariance, in law, of the solution under gauge transformations. Our main tool for solving for the Yang–Mills heat flow is the theory of regularity structures and along the way we also develop a “basis-free” framework for applying the theory of regularity structures in the context of vector-valued noise – this provides a conceptual framework for interpreting several previous constructions and we expect this framework to be of independent interest.
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Convergence of the self‐dual U (1)‐Yang–Mills–Higgs energies to the (n−2)$(n-2)$‐area functional
Abstract Given a hermitian line bundle on a closed Riemannian manifold , the self‐dual Yang–Mills–Higgs energies are a natural family of functionalsdefined for couples consisting of a section and a hermitian connection ∇ with curvature . While the critical points of these functionals have been well‐studied in dimension two by the gauge theory community, it was shown in [52] that critical points in higher dimension converge as (in an appropriate sense) to minimal submanifolds of codimension two, with strong parallels to the correspondence between the Allen–Cahn equations and minimal hypersurfaces. In this paper, we complement this idea by showing the Γ‐convergence of to (2π times) the codimension two area: more precisely, given a family of couples with , we prove that a suitable gauge invariant Jacobian converges to an integral ‐cycle Γ, in the homology class dual to the Euler class , with mass . We also obtain a recovery sequence, for any integral cycle in this homology class. Finally, we apply these techniques to compare min‐max values for the ‐area from the Almgren–Pitts theory with those obtained from the Yang–Mills–Higgs framework, showing that the former values always provide a lower bound for the latter. As an ingredient, we also establish a Huisken‐type monotonicity result along the gradient flow of .
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- Award ID(s):
- 2002055
- PAR ID:
- 10545920
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
- Volume:
- 77
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 0010-3640
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 670 to 730
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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