Unfolding-based single-stage ac-dc converters offer benefits in terms of efficiency and power density due to the low-frequency operation of the Unfolder, resulting in negligible switching losses. However, the operation of the Unfolder results in time-varying dc voltages at the input of the subsequent dc-dc converter, complicating its soft-switching analysis. The complication is further enhanced due to the nonlinear nature of the output capacitance ( Coss ) of MOSFETs employed in the dc-dc converter. Furthermore, unlike two-stage topologies with a constant dc-link voltage, as seen in high-frequency grid-tied converters, grid voltage fluctuations also impact the dc input voltages of the dc-dc converter in unfolding-based systems. This work comprehensively analyzes the soft-switching phenomenon in the T-type primary bridge-based dc-dc converter used in unfolding-based topologies, considering all the aforementioned challenges. An energy-based methodology is proposed to determine the minimum zero-voltage switching (ZVS) current and ZVS time during various switching transitions of the T-type bridge. It is shown that the existing literature on the ZVS analysis of the T-type bridge-based resonant dc-dc converter, relying solely on capacitive energy considerations, substantially underestimates the required ZVS current values, with errors reaching up to 50%. The proposed analysis is verified through both simulation and hardware testing. The hardware testing is conducted on a 20-kW 3- ϕ unfolding-based ac-dc converter designed for high-power electric vehicle battery charging applications. The ZVS analysis is verified at various grid angles with the proposed analysis ensuring a complete ZVS operation of the ac-dc system throughout the grid cycle.
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Nonlinear Capacitance-Based Accurate ZVS Analysis for Full-Bridge T-Type Resonant Converters
To optimize the utilization of a T-type bridge structure in resonant converters, one must thoroughly examine the soft-switching criteria specific to the T-type configuration. This work proposes an energy-based method to determine the softs-witching requirements of a T-type bridge during its various switching transitions. The study estimates the minimum required zero voltage switching (ZVS) current while considering the nonlinearity and voltage dependence associated with the output capacitance of MOSFETs. Moreover, this paper demonstrates that existing studies on ZVS analysis for T-type bridge-based resonant dc-dc converters, which rely only on capacitive energy considerations, significantly underestimate the necessary ZVS current values, with errors as high as 50%. Simulation and hardware results on a T-type primary bridge circuit validate the accuracy of the proposed minimum ZVS current calculation. Hardware tests are conducted on a T-type bridge in a 20 kW electric vehicle charger.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2239169
- PAR ID:
- 10617221
- Publisher / Repository:
- IEEE
- Date Published:
- ISBN:
- 979-8-3503-7606-7
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 3288 to 3295
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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