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1. Sums of linear transformations

   https://doi.org/10.1090/tran/9433  

   Conlon, David; Lim, Jeck (July 2025, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society)

   We show that if ${\mathcal{L}}_1$and ${\mathcal{L}}_2$are linear transformations from ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$to ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$satisfying certain mild conditions, then, for any finite subset $A$of ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$, $|{\mathcal{L}}_{1}A+{\mathcal{L}}_{2}A|\ge <\#comment/>{(|det({\mathcal{L}}_1){|}^{1/d}+|det({\mathcal{L}}_2\left){|}^{1/d}\right)}^d|A|-<\#comment/>o\left(|A|\right).$This result corrects and confirms the two-summand case of a conjecture of Bukh and is best possible up to the lower-order term for certain choices of ${\mathcal{L}}_1$and ${\mathcal{L}}_2$. As an application, we prove a lower bound for $|A+\mathrm{\lambda <\#comment/>}\cdot <\#comment/>A|$when $A$is a finite set of real numbers and $\mathrm{\lambda <\#comment/>}$is an algebraic number. In particular, when $\mathrm{\lambda <\#comment/>}$is of the form $(p/q{)}^{1/d}$for some $p,q,d\in <\#comment/>\mathbb{N}$, each taken as small as possible for such a representation, we show that $|A+\mathrm{\lambda <\#comment/>}\cdot <\#comment/>A|\ge <\#comment/>(p^{1/d}+q^{1/d}{)}^d|A|-<\#comment/>o(|A|).$This is again best possible up to the lower-order term and extends a recent result of Krachun and Petrov which treated the case $\mathrm{\lambda <\#comment/>}=\sqrt{2}$. 

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2. A modular construction of unramified 𝑝-extensions of ℚ(ℕ^{1/𝕡})

   https://doi.org/10.1090/bproc/141  

   Lang, Jaclyn; Wake, Preston (October 2022, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   We show that for primes $N,p\ge <\#comment/>5$with $N\equiv <\#comment/>-<\#comment/>1modp$, the class number of $\mathbb{Q}\left(N^{1/p}\right)$is divisible by $p$. Our methods are via congruences between Eisenstein series and cusp forms. In particular, we show that when $N\equiv <\#comment/>-<\#comment/>1modp$, there is always a cusp form of weight $2$and level ${\mathrm{\Gamma <\#comment/>}}_0\left(N^2\right)$whose $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}$th Fourier coefficient is congruent to $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}+1$modulo a prime above $p$, for all primes $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}$. We use the Galois representation of such a cusp form to explicitly construct an unramified degree- $p$extension of $\mathbb{Q}\left(N^{1/p}\right)$. 

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3. Residual intersections and linear powers

   https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/127  

   Eisenbud, David; Huneke, Craig; Ulrich, Bernd (October 2023, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   If $I$is an ideal in a Gorenstein ring $S$, and $S/I$is Cohen-Macaulay, then the same is true for any linked ideal $I^{\prime }$; but such statements hold for residual intersections of higher codimension only under restrictive hypotheses, not satisfied even by ideals as simple as the ideal $L_n$of minors of a generic $2\times <\#comment/>n$matrix when $n>3$. In this paper we initiate the study of a different sort of Cohen-Macaulay property that holds for certain general residual intersections of the maximal (interesting) codimension, one less than the analytic spread of $I$. For example, suppose that $K$is the residual intersection of $L_n$by $2n-<\#comment/>4$general quadratic forms in $L_n$. In this situation we analyze $S/K$and show that $I^{n-<\#comment/>3}\left(S/K\right)$is a self-dual maximal Cohen-Macaulay $S/K$-module with linear free resolution over $S$. The technical heart of the paper is a result about ideals of analytic spread 1 whose high powers are linearly presented. 

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4. Algebraic cobordism and a Conner–Floyd isomorphism for algebraic K-theory

   https://doi.org/10.1090/jams/1045  

   Annala, Toni; Hoyois, Marc; Iwasa, Ryomei (March 2024, Journal of the American Mathematical Society)

   We formulate and prove a Conner–Floyd isomorphism for the algebraic K-theory of arbitrary qcqs derived schemes. To that end, we study a stable $\mathrm{\infty <\#comment/>}$-category of non- ${\mathbb{A}}^1$-invariant motivic spectra, which turns out to be equivalent to the $\mathrm{\infty <\#comment/>}$-category of fundamental motivic spectra satisfying elementary blowup excision, previously introduced by the first and third authors. We prove that this $\mathrm{\infty <\#comment/>}$-category satisfies ${\mathbb{P}}^1$-homotopy invariance and weighted ${\mathbb{A}}^1$-homotopy invariance, which we use in place of ${\mathbb{A}}^1$-homotopy invariance to obtain analogues of several key results from ${\mathbb{A}}^1$-homotopy theory. These allow us in particular to define a universal oriented motivic ${\mathbb{E}}_{\mathrm{\infty <\#comment/>}}$-ring spectrum $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{L}$. We then prove that the algebraic K-theory of a qcqs derived scheme $X$can be recovered from its $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{L}$-cohomology via a Conner–Floyd isomorphism\[ ${\mathrm{M}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{L}}^{\ast <\#comment/>\ast <\#comment/>}\left(X\right){\otimes <\#comment/>}_{\mathrm{L}}\mathbb{Z}\left[{\mathrm{\beta <\#comment/>}}^{\pm <\#comment/>1}\right]\simeq <\#comment/>\mathrm{K}{}^{\ast <\#comment/>\ast <\#comment/>}\left(X\right),$\]where $\mathrm{L}$is the Lazard ring and $\mathrm{K}{}^{p,q}\left(X\right)=\mathrm{K}{}_{2q-<\#comment/>p}\left(X\right)$. Finally, we prove a Snaith theorem for the periodized version of $\mathrm{M}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{L}$. 

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5. On the maximal spectral type of nilsystems

   https://doi.org/10.1090/bproc/229  

   Ackelsberg, Ethan; Richter, Florian; Shalom, Or (September 2024, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   Let $(G/\mathrm{\Gamma <\#comment/>},R_a)$be an ergodic $k$-step nilsystem for $k\ge <\#comment/>2$. We adapt an argument of Parry [Topology 9 (1970), pp. 217–224] to show that $L^2\left(G/\mathrm{\Gamma <\#comment/>}\right)$decomposes as a sum of a subspace with discrete spectrum and a subspace of Lebesgue spectrum with infinite multiplicity. In particular, we generalize a result previously established by Host–Kra–Maass [J. Anal. Math.124(2014), pp. 261–295] for $2$-step nilsystems and a result by Stepin [Uspehi Mat. Nauk24(1969), pp. 241–242] for nilsystems $G/\mathrm{\Gamma <\#comment/>}$with connected, simply connected $G$. 

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