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Title: From lab to lamp: Understanding downconverter degradation in LED packages
Downconverters, primarily inorganic phosphors, are critical components in white solid-state LED-based lighting and liquid crystal display backlights. Research efforts have led to a fundamental understanding of a downconverter's absorption, photoluminescence, and efficiency as a function of composition, structure, and processing conditions. However, considerably less work has focused on the reliability of phosphors once they are incorporated into LED packages. Solving these issues is often the final step before the commercialization of new materials, but the significant resources and time required to evaluate and mitigate materials failure are rarely discussed in the literature. In this Perspective, we discuss the need for conducting downconverter reliability testing and the potential of accelerating, screening, and understanding downconverter failure modes. Our focus highlights the mechanisms of failure and discusses how this influences materials selection and the design of different LED packages. We also stress the potential for accelerated reliability testing protocols and note the potential role first-principles calculations and data-driven models could play in establishing the compositional-processing trends for different aspects of downconverter reliability. We close with possible research directions that could improve downconverter reliability and emphasize the importance of assessing a material's (chemical) stability where multiple manufacturing and processing steps can dictate system performance.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1911311
PAR ID:
10422388
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Volume:
132
Issue:
19
ISSN:
0021-8979
Page Range / eLocation ID:
190901
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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